Over 99 percent of Germans age 15 and above are estimated to be able to read and write.
Germany has one of the world's highest levels of education, technological development, and economic productivity. Since the end of World War II, the number of youths entering universities has more than tripled, and the trade and technical schools of the Federal Republic of Germany (F.R.G.) are among the world's best. Germany is a broadly middle class society. A generous social welfare system provides for universal medical care, unemployment compensation, and other social needs. Millions of Germans travel abroad each year.
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Lower
Saxony (German: Niedersachsen)
Population: 7,928,815, Largest city: Hanover, lies in north-western Germany and is second in area and fourth in population among the sixteen states of Germany. In rural areas Northern Low Saxon, a dialect of Low German, is still spoken, but the number of speakers is declining. |
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Schleswig-Holstein
Population: 2.830.417 is the northernmost of the sixteen states of Germany, comprising most of the historical duchy of Holstein and the southern part of the former Duchy of Schleswig. Its capital city is
Kiel; other notable cities are Lübeck, Flensburg and Neumünster. |
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Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Population: 1.624.350 (also known as Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania/Mecklenburg-Hitherpomerania in English) is a federal state in northern Germany. The capital city is Schwerin. The state was formed through the merger of the historic regions of Mecklenburg and Vorpommern after World War II,
Major cities include Rostock, Schwerin, Neubrandenburg, Stralsund, Greifswald and Wismar. |
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North Rhine-Westphalia (German: Nordrhein-Westfalen),
Population: 17,872,763. usually shortened to NRW, official short form NW) is the westernmost, most populous, and economically most powerful state of Germany with four of the country's ten largest cities. The state was a merger of the north part of the Rhineland, Westphalia and Lippe – its capital is
Düsseldorf. |
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Rhineland-Palatinate (German name, Rheinland-Pfalz)
Population:
4.012.487. is one of the 16 states of Germany. The capital is
Mainz. English speakers also commonly refer to the state by its German name, Rheinland-Pfalz
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Berlin/Brandenburg
Metropolitan Region (German: Metropolregion
Berlin/Brandenburg)
Population: 4,429,847. is
one of the 11 metropolitan regions of Germany. The territory includes the
city of Berlin
and its surrounding urban belt, located in the state of Brandenburg: |
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Saxony-Anhalt (German: Sachsen-Anhalt)
Population: 2.356.219 is a landlocked state of Germany. Its capital is
Magdeburg and it is surrounded by the German states of Lower Saxony, Brandenburg, Saxony, and Thuringia.
Saxony-Anhalt should not be confused with Saxony or Lower Saxony, also German states. |
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Brandenburg
(Lower Sorbian: Bramborska; Upper Sorbian: Braniborska)
Population: 2.511.456 is one of the sixteen federal-states of Germany. It lies in the east of the country and is one of the new federal states that were re-created in 1990 upon the reunification of the former West Germany and East Germany. The capital is Potsdam. Brandenburg surrounds but does not include the national capital and city-state of
Berlin. |
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Saxony (German: Freistaat Sachsen )
Population: 4.356.417
is a state of Germany, located in the southeastern part of present-day Germany. It is the tenth-largest German state in area (18,413 km²) and the sixth most populous (4.3 million), of Germany's sixteen states. |
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Hesse or Hessia (German: Hessen , Hessisch: Hesse )
Population: 6.096.419 is both a cultural region of Germany and the name of an individual German state. |
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Thuringia (German: Freistaat Thüringen,)
Population: 2.298.420 is a state of Germany, located in the central part of the country. It has an area of 16,171 square kilometres (6,244 sq mi) and 2.29 million inhabitants, making it the sixth smallest by area and the fifth smallest by population of Germany's sixteen states. Most of Thuringia is within the watershed of the Saale, a left tributary of the Elbe. Its capital is
Erfurt. |
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Bavaria, (German: Freistaat
Bayern), Population: 12,510,331
is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of the country. With an area of 70,548 square kilometres (27,200 sq mi), it is the largest German state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany. Bavaria is Germany's second most populous state (after
North
Rhine-Westphalia) with almost 12.5 million inhabitants, more than any of the three sovereign states on its borders. Bavaria's capital is
Munich. |
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Baden-Wurttemberg (German pronunciation: Baden-Württemberg) Population: 10,710,131
is one of the 16 states of Germany. Baden-Württemberg is in the southwestern part of the country to the east of the Upper Rhine, and is the third largest in both area and population of Germany's sixteen states, with an area of 35,742 square kilometres (13,800 sq mi) and 10.7 million
inhabitants. The state capital is Stuttgart. |
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Saarland is one of the sixteen states of Germany. The capital is
Saarbrücken. It has an area of 2570 km² and Population: 1,045,000 inhabitants. In both area and population, it is the smallest state in Germany other than the city-states
(Berlin, Bremen and Hamburg). Its location on the border between
France and Germany has given Saarland a unique history. |
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Bremen (German: Stadtgemeinde Bremen,) Population: 547,120
is a Hanseatic city in northwestern Germany. A commercial and industrial city with a major port on the river Weser, Bremen is part of the Bremen-Oldenburg metropolitan area (2.4 million people). Bremen is the second most populous city in North Germany and tenth in Germany.
Bremen is some 60 km (37 mi) south from the Weser mouth on the North Sea. With Bremerhaven right on the mouth the two comprise the state of Bremen (official name: Freie Hansestadt Bremen - Free Hanseatic City of Bremen). |
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Hamburg , Low German/Low Saxon: Hamborg
) Population: 4.340.587
is the second-largest city in Germany and the eighth-largest city in the European
Union. The city is home to over 1.8 million people, while the Hamburg Metropolitan Region (including parts of the neighbouring Federal States of Lower Saxony and Schleswig-Holstein) has more than 4.3 million inhabitants. The port of Hamburg is the third-largest port in Europe (third to Port of Antwerp and Rotterdam), and the eighth largest in the world. |